You are looking at the HTML representation of the XML format.
HTML is good for debugging, but is unsuitable for application use.
Specify the format parameter to change the output format.
To see the non HTML representation of the XML format, set format=xml.
See the complete documentation, or API help for more information. 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<api>
  <query>
    <pages>
      <page pageid="3936" ns="6" title="File:Twhyntie DRN000024-v1-0 DIRAC-CVMFS-CERNVM mk01.jpg" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2015-03-10T11:29:21Z" user="Tom Whyntie a4af2b64d8" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="4663" ns="6" title="File:VomsSnooper.gif" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2022-03-09T14:51:26Z" user="Gerard Hand 5177b94160" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="4664" ns="6" title="File:VomsSnooper class.png" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2022-03-09T14:59:08Z" user="Gerard Hand 5177b94160" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
    </pages>
  </query>
</api>